#SORTED3 IMAG CODE#

Hence, we proposed a color multiplexed dynamic QR Code communication system based on mobile devices. However, such communication mechanism relies on barcodes to transmit information which suffers a limited capacity and a low communication rate. Screen-camera communication is a new information communication method based on visible light. For the 4.8 kbps data rate, our algorithm can achieve the transmission distance of 50 cm under the 7% forward error correction (FEC) threshold with the low illuminance of 702 lux. The experimental results show that, the BER can be reduced by two orders of magnitude on average compared with the conventional scheme. As expected, our algorithm not only reduces the BER, but also improves the processing performance. While HyperSight calculates characteristic grayscale matrix to avoid column matrix selection and uses critical grayscale to replace the function fitting to decode the image. The selection of the column matrix and the fitting of the function are not only time-consuming but also error-prone, leading to low decoding efficiency and high bit error rate (BER). The conventional algorithms have to select an appropriate column matrix, and then decode the image according to the fitting curve. In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate HyperSight, which is a precise image decoding algorithm for the mobile-phone camera based visible light communication (VLC) system. В© 2021 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement. The results clearly show that the FreeOCC system outperforms the common reflected OCC system. By using the freeform lens, the packet reception rate is increased by 35% and 32%, respectively the bit error rate is decreased by 72% and 59%, respectively, at a transmission frequency of 5 kHz. A prototype of the FreeOCC system demonstrates the high performance of the proposed system, and two pulse amplitude modulation schemes (4-order and 8-order) are performed. Then, the received signal can be easily demodulated with high accuracy by a simple thresholding scheme. A desired uniform rectangular illumination is produced on the observation plane by the freeform lens, yielding a uniform grayscale distribution within the received frame captured by the camera in the proposed FreeOCC system. In this paper, we present a FreeOCC system, which employs a dedicatedly tailored freeform lens to precisely control the propagation of modulated light. However, the low signal-to-noise ratio caused by the non-uniform irradiance distribution produced by LED luminaire on the observation plane in current reflected OCC systems cannot be avoided, hence low complexity and accurate demodulation are hard to achieve.

Compared to a direct OCC system whose maximum data rate is strongly determined by the LED source size, a reflected OCC system can break that limitation since the camera captures the light rays reflecting off an observation plane (e.g., a wall) instead of those light rays directly emanated from the light source. Experiments on SAR and optical datasets with different resolutions show promising results in terms of detection capability and run time.Optical camera communication (OCC) systems, which utilize image sensors embedded in commercial-off-the-shelf devices to detect time and spatial variations in light intensity for enabling data communications, have stirred up researchersвЂ™ interest. The sorted histogram not only has the theoretical advantage of robustness in the intensity variations in multi-sensor images but also the practical advantage of low computational complexity compared with existing methods.

After the whole image has been analysed, we obtain a divergence index map. Then, various histogram-based distances are employed to estimate the distance between each sorted histogram pair. The sorted histogram discards the visual property correspondence between images and is capable of capturing the local internal image layout. First, we introduce a sorted histogram concept that sorts the bins in descending order, noticing that multi-sensor images with absence of change have the same combination of objects, and each object in different images has the same proportions and a unique range of grey values. Thus, the resulting multi-sensor images have completely different radiometric values. Different sensors have completely different physical principles. In this study, we address this problem by proposing a novel automatic change detection method. Change detection using multi-sensor remote sensing images, such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical images, is poorly researched and thus remains a challenging task.

Sorted3 imag